## FreeType Fonts

FreeType Fonts — Font support for FreeType

## Synopsis

    #define             CAIRO_HAS_FT_FONT
    #define             CAIRO_HAS_FC_FONT
    cairo_font_face_t * cairo_ft_font_face_create_for_ft_face
                                                            (FT_Face face,
                                                             int load_flags);
    cairo_font_face_t * cairo_ft_font_face_create_for_pattern
                                                            (FcPattern *pattern);
    void                cairo_ft_font_options_substitute    (const cairo_font_options_t *options,
                                                             FcPattern *pattern);
    FT_Face             cairo_ft_scaled_font_lock_face      (cairo_scaled_font_t *scaled_font);
    void                cairo_ft_scaled_font_unlock_face    (cairo_scaled_font_t *scaled_font);

## Description

The FreeType font backend is primarily used to render text on GNU/Linux systems, but can be used on other platforms too.

## Details

### CAIRO_HAS_FT_FONT

    #define CAIRO_HAS_FT_FONT 1

Defined if the FreeType font backend is available. This macro can be used to conditionally compile backend-specific code.

### CAIRO_HAS_FC_FONT

    #define CAIRO_HAS_FC_FONT 1

Defined if the Fontconfig-specific functions of the FreeType font backend are available. This macro can be used to conditionally compile backend-specific code.

### cairo_ft_font_face_create_for_ft_face ()

    cairo_font_face_t * cairo_ft_font_face_create_for_ft_face
                                                            (FT_Face face,
                                                             int load_flags);

Creates a new font face for the FreeType font backend from a pre-opened FreeType face. This font can then be used with `cairo_set_font_face()` or `cairo_scaled_font_create()`. The cairo_scaled_font_t returned from `cairo_scaled_font_create()` is also for the FreeType backend and can be used with functions such as `cairo_ft_scaled_font_lock_face()`. Note that Cairo may keep a reference to the FT_Face alive in a font-cache and the exact lifetime of the reference depends highly upon the exact usage pattern and is subject to external factors. You must not call `FT_Done_Face()` before the last reference to the cairo_font_face_t has been dropped.

As an example, below is how one might correctly couple the lifetime of the FreeType face object to the cairo_font_face_t.

    static const cairo_user_data_key_t key;

    font_face = cairo_ft_font_face_create_for_ft_face (ft_face, 0);
    status = cairo_font_face_set_user_data (font_face, &key,
                                   ft_face, (cairo_destroy_func_t) FT_Done_Face);
    if (status) {
       cairo_font_face_destroy (font_face);
       FT_Done_Face (ft_face);
       return ERROR;
    }

`face` : | A FreeType face object, already opened. This must be kept around until the face's ref_count drops to zero and it is freed. Since the face may be referenced internally to Cairo, the best way to determine when it is safe to free the face is to pass a cairo_destroy_func_t to `cairo_font_face_set_user_data()`
`load_flags` : | flags to pass to FT_Load_Glyph when loading glyphs from the font. These flags are OR'ed together with the flags derived from the cairo_font_options_t passed to `cairo_scaled_font_create()`, so only a few values such as `FT_LOAD_VERTICAL_LAYOUT`, and `FT_LOAD_FORCE_AUTOHINT` are useful. You should not pass any of the flags affecting the load target, such as `FT_LOAD_TARGET_LIGHT`.
Returns : | a newly created cairo_font_face_t. Free with `cairo_font_face_destroy()` when you are done using it.

### cairo_ft_font_face_create_for_pattern ()

    cairo_font_face_t * cairo_ft_font_face_create_for_pattern
                                                            (FcPattern *pattern);

Creates a new font face for the FreeType font backend based on a fontconfig pattern. This font can then be used with `cairo_set_font_face()` or `cairo_scaled_font_create()`. The cairo_scaled_font_t returned from `cairo_scaled_font_create()` is also for the FreeType backend and can be used with functions such as `cairo_ft_scaled_font_lock_face()`.

Font rendering options are represented both here and when you call `cairo_scaled_font_create()`. Font options that have a representation in a FcPattern must be passed in here; to modify FcPattern appropriately to reflect the options in a cairo_font_options_t, call `cairo_ft_font_options_substitute()`.

The pattern's FC_FT_FACE element is inspected first and if that is set, that will be the FreeType font face associated with the returned cairo font face. Otherwise the FC_FILE element is checked. If it's set, that and the value of the FC_INDEX element (defaults to zero) of `pattern` are used to load a font face from file.

If both steps from the previous paragraph fails, `pattern` will be passed to FcConfigSubstitute, FcDefaultSubstitute, and finally FcFontMatch, and the resulting font pattern is used.

If the FC_FT_FACE element of `pattern` is set, the user is responsible for making sure that the referenced FT_Face remains valid for the life time of the returned cairo_font_face_t. See `cairo_ft_font_face_create_for_ft_face()` for an exmaple of how to couple the life time of the FT_Face to that of the cairo font-face.

`pattern` : | A fontconfig pattern. Cairo makes a copy of the pattern if it needs to. You are free to modify or free `pattern` after this call.
Returns : | a newly created cairo_font_face_t. Free with `cairo_font_face_destroy()` when you are done using it.

### cairo_ft_font_options_substitute ()

    void                cairo_ft_font_options_substitute    (const cairo_font_options_t *options,
                                                             FcPattern *pattern);

Add options to a FcPattern based on a cairo_font_options_t font options object. Options that are already in the pattern, are not overridden, so you should call this function after calling `FcConfigSubstitute()` (the user's settings should override options based on the surface type), but before calling `FcDefaultSubstitute()`.

`options` : | a cairo_font_options_t object
`pattern` : | an existing FcPattern

### cairo_ft_scaled_font_lock_face ()

    FT_Face             cairo_ft_scaled_font_lock_face      (cairo_scaled_font_t *scaled_font);

`cairo_ft_scaled_font_lock_face()` gets the FT_Face object from a FreeType backend font and scales it appropriately for the font. You must release the face with `cairo_ft_scaled_font_unlock_face()` when you are done using it. Since the FT_Face object can be shared between multiple cairo_scaled_font_t objects, you must not lock any other font objects until you unlock this one. A count is kept of the number of times `cairo_ft_scaled_font_lock_face()` is called. `cairo_ft_scaled_font_unlock_face()` must be called the same number of times.

You must be careful when using this function in a library or in a threaded application, because freetype's design makes it unsafe to call freetype functions simultaneously from multiple threads, (even if using distinct FT_Face objects). Because of this, application code that acquires an FT_Face object with this call must add its own locking to protect any use of that object, (and which also must protect any other calls into cairo as almost any cairo function might result in a call into the freetype library).

`scaled_font` : | A cairo_scaled_font_t from the FreeType font backend. Such an object can be created by calling `cairo_scaled_font_create()` on a FreeType backend font face (see `cairo_ft_font_face_create_for_pattern()`, `cairo_ft_font_face_create_for_ft_face()`).
Returns : | The FT_Face object for `font`, scaled appropriately, or `NULL` if `scaled_font` is in an error state (see `cairo_scaled_font_status()`) or there is insufficient memory.

### cairo_ft_scaled_font_unlock_face ()

    void                cairo_ft_scaled_font_unlock_face    (cairo_scaled_font_t *scaled_font);

Releases a face obtained with `cairo_ft_scaled_font_lock_face()`.

`scaled_font` : | A cairo_scaled_font_t from the FreeType font backend. Such an object can be created by calling `cairo_scaled_font_create()` on a FreeType backend font face (see `cairo_ft_font_face_create_for_pattern()`, `cairo_ft_font_face_create_for_ft_face()`).

## See Also

cairo_font_face_t