/******************************************************************************\ 
* ping.c - Simple ping utility using SOCK_RAW 
*  
*       This is a part of the Microsoft Source Code Samples. 
*       Copyright 1996 - 1998 Microsoft Corporation. 
*       All rights reserved. 
*       This source code is only intended as a supplement to 
*       Microsoft Development Tools and/or WinHelp documentation. 
*       See these sources for detailed information regarding the 
*       Microsoft samples programs. 
\******************************************************************************/ 
 
#pragma pack(4) 
 
#define WIN32_LEAN_AND_MEAN 
#include <winsock2.h> 
#include <stdio.h> 
#include <stdlib.h> 
 
#define ICMP_ECHO 8 
#define ICMP_ECHOREPLY 0 
 
#define ICMP_MIN 8 // minimum 8 byte icmp packet (just header) 
 
/* The IP header */ 
typedef struct iphdr { 
unsigned int h_len:4;          // length of the header 
unsigned int version:4;        // Version of IP 
unsigned char tos;             // Type of service 
unsigned short total_len;      // total length of the packet 
unsigned short ident;          // unique identifier 
unsigned short frag_and_flags; // flags 
unsigned char  ttl;  
unsigned char proto;           // protocol (TCP, UDP etc) 
unsigned short checksum;       // IP checksum 
 
unsigned int sourceIP; 
unsigned int destIP; 
 
}IpHeader; 
 
// 
// ICMP header 
// 
typedef struct _ihdr { 
  BYTE i_type; 
  BYTE i_code; /* type sub code */ 
  USHORT i_cksum; 
  USHORT i_id; 
  USHORT i_seq; 
  /* This is not the std header, but we reserve space for time */ 
  ULONG timestamp; 
}IcmpHeader; 
 
#define STATUS_FAILED 0xFFFF 
#define DEF_PACKET_SIZE 32 
#define MAX_PACKET 1024 
 
#define xmalloc(s) HeapAlloc(GetProcessHeap(),HEAP_ZERO_MEMORY,(s)) 
#define xfree(p)   HeapFree (GetProcessHeap(),0,(p)) 
 
void fill_icmp_data(char *, int); 
USHORT checksum(USHORT *, int); 
void decode_resp(char *,int ,struct sockaddr_in *); 
 
void Usage(char *progname){ 
   
  fprintf(stderr,"Usage:\n"); 
  fprintf(stderr,"%s <host> [data_size]\n",progname); 
  fprintf(stderr,"datasize can be up to 1Kb\n"); 
  ExitProcess(STATUS_FAILED); 
 
} 
int main(int argc, char **argv){ 
 
  WSADATA wsaData; 
  SOCKET sockRaw; 
  struct sockaddr_in dest,from; 
  struct hostent * hp; 
  int bread,datasize; 
  int fromlen = sizeof(from); 
  int timeout = 1000; 
  char *dest_ip; 
  char *icmp_data; 
  char *recvbuf; 
  unsigned int addr=0; 
  USHORT seq_no = 0; 
 
  if (WSAStartup(MAKEWORD(2,1),&wsaData) != 0){ 
		fprintf(stderr,"WSAStartup failed: %d\n",GetLastError()); 
		ExitProcess(STATUS_FAILED); 
  } 
 
  if (argc <2 ) { 
		Usage(argv[0]); 
  } 
  sockRaw = WSASocket (AF_INET, 
	 SOCK_RAW, 
	 IPPROTO_ICMP, 
	 NULL, 0,0); 
   
  if (sockRaw == INVALID_SOCKET) { 
	 fprintf(stderr,"WSASocket() failed: %d\n",WSAGetLastError()); 
	 ExitProcess(STATUS_FAILED); 
  } 
  bread = setsockopt(sockRaw,SOL_SOCKET,SO_RCVTIMEO,(char*)&timeout, 
							sizeof(timeout)); 
  if(bread == SOCKET_ERROR) { 
		fprintf(stderr,"failed to set recv timeout: %d\n",WSAGetLastError()); 
		ExitProcess(STATUS_FAILED); 
  } 
  timeout = 1000; 
  bread = setsockopt(sockRaw,SOL_SOCKET,SO_SNDTIMEO,(char*)&timeout, 
  sizeof(timeout)); 
  if(bread == SOCKET_ERROR) { 
		fprintf(stderr,"failed to set send timeout: %d\n",WSAGetLastError()); 
		ExitProcess(STATUS_FAILED); 
  } 
  memset(&dest,0,sizeof(dest)); 
 
  hp = gethostbyname(argv[1]); 
  
  if (!hp){ 
		addr = inet_addr(argv[1]); 
  } 
  if ((!hp)  && (addr == INADDR_NONE) ) { 
	 fprintf(stderr,"Unable to resolve %s\n",argv[1]); 
	 ExitProcess(STATUS_FAILED); 
  } 
 
  if (hp != NULL) 
	memcpy(&(dest.sin_addr),hp->h_addr,hp->h_length); 
  else 
	dest.sin_addr.s_addr = addr; 
 
  if (hp) 
	dest.sin_family = hp->h_addrtype; 
  else 
	dest.sin_family = AF_INET; 
 
  dest.sin_port = htons(53);
  dest_ip = inet_ntoa(dest.sin_addr); 
 
  if (argc >2) { 
	datasize = atoi(argv[2]); 
	if (datasize == 0) 
		datasize = DEF_PACKET_SIZE; 
  }
   else 
	datasize = DEF_PACKET_SIZE; 
 
	datasize += sizeof(IcmpHeader);   
 
  icmp_data = (char *)xmalloc(MAX_PACKET); 
  recvbuf = (char *)xmalloc(MAX_PACKET); 
 
  if (!icmp_data) { 
		fprintf(stderr,"HeapAlloc failed %d\n",GetLastError()); 
		ExitProcess(STATUS_FAILED); 
  } 
   
 
  memset(icmp_data,0,MAX_PACKET); 
  fill_icmp_data(icmp_data,datasize); 
 
 for(int NumPacket=0;NumPacket<5;NumPacket++){ 
	int bwrote; 
	Sleep(100);
	((IcmpHeader*)icmp_data)->i_cksum = 0; 
	((IcmpHeader*)icmp_data)->timestamp = GetTickCount(); 
 
	((IcmpHeader*)icmp_data)->i_seq = seq_no++; 
	((IcmpHeader*)icmp_data)->i_cksum = checksum((USHORT*)icmp_data,  
		datasize); 
 
	bwrote = sendto(sockRaw,icmp_data,datasize,0,(struct sockaddr*)&dest, 
	sizeof(dest)); 
	if (bwrote == SOCKET_ERROR){ 
		if (WSAGetLastError() == WSAETIMEDOUT) { 
			printf("timed out\n"); 
		continue; 
		} 
		fprintf(stderr,"sendto failed: %d\n",WSAGetLastError()); 
		ExitProcess(STATUS_FAILED); 
	} 
	if (bwrote < datasize ) { 
		fprintf(stdout,"Wrote %d bytes\n",bwrote); 
	} 
	bread = recvfrom(sockRaw,recvbuf,MAX_PACKET,0,(struct sockaddr*)&from, 
				&fromlen); 
	if (bread == SOCKET_ERROR){ 
		if (WSAGetLastError() == WSAETIMEDOUT) { 
			printf("timed out\n"); 
			continue; 
		} 
		fprintf(stderr,"recvfrom failed: %d\n",WSAGetLastError()); 
		ExitProcess(STATUS_FAILED); 
	} 
	decode_resp(recvbuf,bread,&from); 
	Sleep(1000); 
 
  } 
  return 0; 
 
} 
/*  
The response is an IP packet. We must decode the IP header to locate  
the ICMP data  
*/ 
void decode_resp(char *buf, int bytes,struct sockaddr_in *from) { 
 
	IpHeader *iphdr; 
	IcmpHeader *icmphdr; 
	unsigned short iphdrlen; 
 
	iphdr = (IpHeader *)buf; 
 
	iphdrlen = iphdr->h_len * 4 ; // number of 32-bit words *4 = bytes 
 
	if (bytes  < iphdrlen + ICMP_MIN) { 
		printf("Too few bytes from %s\n",inet_ntoa(from->sin_addr)); 
	} 
 
	icmphdr = (IcmpHeader*)(buf + iphdrlen); 
 
	if (icmphdr->i_type != ICMP_ECHOREPLY) { 
		fprintf(stderr,"non-echo type %d recvd\n",icmphdr->i_type); 
		return; 
	} 
	if (icmphdr->i_id != (USHORT)GetCurrentProcessId()) { 
		fprintf(stderr,"someone else's packet!\n"); 
		return ; 
	} 
    printf("%d bytes from %s: port %d",bytes, inet_ntoa(from->sin_addr),htons(from->sin_port)); 
	printf(" icmp_seq = %d. ",icmphdr->i_seq); 
	printf(" time: %d ms ",GetTickCount()-icmphdr->timestamp); 
	printf("\n"); 
 
} 
 
 
USHORT checksum(USHORT *buffer, int size) { 
 
  unsigned long cksum=0; 
 
  while(size >1) { 
cksum+=*buffer++; 
size -=sizeof(USHORT); 
  } 
   
  if(size ) { 
cksum += *(UCHAR*)buffer; 
  } 
 
  cksum = (cksum >> 16) + (cksum & 0xffff); 
  cksum += (cksum >>16); 
  return (USHORT)(~cksum); 
} 
/*  
Helper function to fill in various stuff in our ICMP request. 
*/ 
void fill_icmp_data(char * icmp_data, int datasize){ 
 
  IcmpHeader *icmp_hdr; 
  char *datapart; 
 
  icmp_hdr = (IcmpHeader*)icmp_data; 
 
  icmp_hdr->i_type = ICMP_ECHO; 
  icmp_hdr->i_code = 0; 
  icmp_hdr->i_id = (USHORT)GetCurrentProcessId(); 
  icmp_hdr->i_cksum = 0; 
  icmp_hdr->i_seq = 0; 
   
  datapart = icmp_data + sizeof(IcmpHeader); 
  // 
  // Place some junk in the buffer. 
  // 
  memset(datapart,'E', datasize - sizeof(IcmpHeader)); 
 
} 